Summary
The Magento migration process demands careful planning, precise execution, and thorough post-migration optimization. Staying updated with Magento statistics can guide strategic business choices and enhance your store’s performance. Migrating a Magento store is a complex task, often requiring advanced Magento programming skills for complex customizations.
Magento open source, among the leading eCommerce systems globally, has had its EOL since June 2020.0. This has left many online store owners wondering what to do next. The solution is to move to Magento 2 because it is a more powerful, flexible, and secure platform. This article will explain how to migrate your store from Magento 1 to Magento 2.
Read a detailed case study on Magento Migration.Particulars | Magento 1 | Magento 2 |
|---|---|---|
Technical Support | Not available | Support available |
Security | Vulnerable to cyberattacks | Highly secure against cyber threats with the latest security patches |
Site Support | Ordinary site speed | Faster server response and checkout speed |
SEO | Meta tags not supported | Supports meta tags |
Extensions | Outdated extensions with no further updates | Latest extensions available with updates |
Technology | The latest PHP stack is not supported | Supports the latest PHP stack |
Performance | Slower page loads and checkout | Improved page loading and checkout speed |
Scalability | Limited scalability | Enhanced scalability |
User Experience | Less intuitive interface and slower loading | Streamlined interface and faster loading |
Mobile Optimization | Not optimized for mobile devices | Responsive design and mobile-friendly |
Integration | Limited integrations with third-party services | Seamless integrations with third-party services |
Why Choose Magento 2?
Steps to Migrate Magento 1 to Magento 2
1. Analyze Your Magento 1 Store
Carry out data migration from Magento 1 to 2 with utmost care. Conduct a thorough review of your Magento 1 store to determine which data and functionality should be retained. Evaluate existing data and extensions, as some plugins may be outdated or incompatible with Magento 2, and assess the migration cost implications of migrating to Magento 2.0.
Make a list of all extensions currently installed on Magento 1. For each one:
2. Set Up Magento 2
Prepare your server and install Magento 2 to get ready for migration.
Installation Overview
Following these steps will help ensure a seamless migration process, setting your eCommerce store up for success on Magento 2.
3. Back Up Magento 1 Store Data
The backups will be stored in the var/backups directory, allowing you to restore them at any time with the Magento setup:rollback command if needed.
This backup process is essential to prevent any data loss during the migration.
4. Magento 2 Migration Process
Theme Migration
Magento 2 provides two default themes: Luma (a user-friendly and customizable theme) and Blank (a basic template for creating custom magento themes).Since Magento 1 themes aren’t directly compatible with Magento 2, you’ll need a theme that supports the new version. Consider purchasing a theme from the Magento Marketplace or third-party sources like ThemeForest, or create a custom, responsive theme tailored for Magento 2.
Extension Migration
Customization
Use the Code Migration Toolkit to migrate any custom code from Magento 1. Assess the customizations on your previous site to determine if new custom code needs to be developed for Magento 2
Data Migration
5. Install the Data Migration Tool
To install the Data Migration Tool on Magento 2, use Composer.
Ensure compatibility of the Data Migration Tool matches. For instance, if you’re using Magento version 2.2.0, you’ll need Data Migration Tool version 2.2.0.
To check your Magento version, navigate to the root directory via SSH and run:
php bin/Magento --version
Then, update the tool’s package location in the composer.json file by running:
composer config repositories.Magento composer https://repo.Magento.com
composer require Magento/data-migration-tool:<version>
Replace <version> with the specific version of your Data Migration Tool. For example, if you’re using Magento 2.2.0:
composer config repositories.Magento composer https://repo.Magento.com
composer require Magento/data-migration-tool:2.2.0
You’ll then need to provide authentication keys:
- Go to the Magento Marketplace.
- Sign in and navigate to Access Keys under My Products.
- If you have existing keys, use the public key as the username and the private key as the password.
- To create a new key pair, click Create a New Access Key.
Add these keys to complete the Data Migration Tool installation.
6. Configure the Data Migration Tool
To set up the Data Migration Tool, you’ll need specific configuration files located in the following directories:
You’ll also need to create a config.xml file in the appropriate directory.
For instance, to migrate data from Magento 1 Open Source to Magento 2 Open Source:
Go to the directory:
<Magento 2 root dir>/vendor/Magento/data-migration-tool/etc/opensource-to-opensource/
In the directory corresponding to your Magento 1 version, rename config.xml.dist to config.xml.
Open config.xml in a code editor and specify the following details:<source>
<database host="localhost" name="Magento1-DB-name" user="DB-username" password="DB-password"/>
</source>
<destination>
<database host="localhost" name="Magento2-DB-name" user="DB-username" password="DB-password"/>
</destination>
<options>
<crypt_key>Magento1-Encrypted-Key</crypt_key>
</options>
Save the config.xml file once you’ve completed these configurations.
7. Start the Migration Process
To begin migrating data from Magento 1 to Magento 2, follow these key steps:
Ensure that the Data Migration Tool can connect to both Magento 1 and Magento 2 databases.
Stop all administrative activities in Magento 1, except for essential order management tasks like shipping and invoicing.
Note: These tasks should remain paused until the Magento 2 store is live.
Turn off all Magento 1 cron jobs except those required for the migration process.
Use the Data Migration Tool to transfer settings and websites from Magento 1 to Magento 2. Ensure you have the necessary migration expertise or support.
Manually copy media files from the Magento 1 media directory (Magento1-root/media) to the Magento 2 media directory (Magento2-root/pub/media).
For extensions with data requiring migration, use the mapping files provided by the tool to accommodate differences in database structure.
Reindex all Magento 2 indexers to ensure optimal functionality. For details on specific indexers, consult Magento’s indexer documentation.
8. Modify Migrated Data
After completing the migration, you may want to make minor adjustments, such as modifying CMS pages, restructuring catalogs, or updating sales rules.Be careful when manually modifying data, as mistakes can impact the functionality of your new site.
9. Migrate Incremental Data
Begin capturing incremental updates on the Magento 1 site, including new orders, reviews, and other data.Use the Delta mode to transfer these updates to Magento 2, allowing for continuous data synchronization.
10. Go Live
Once Magento 2 is updated with all data from Magento 1, follow these steps to switch over to the new site:
